The more I think about the opening scene in Civil War, the more I’m convinced that HYDRA only fed Bucky intravenously. He never had actual food.
Because the Soviets defrosted Bucky, dragged him to the chair and shocked him, and then prepped him for a mission; HYDRA did the same thing in CATWS. In both scenes you can see an IV connected to his arm, as well as all the tubes connected to Bucky while in cryo. He also ignored Pierce’s offer for milk (which was sarcastic, but still), and he’s never seen eating and/or drinking as the Soldier – there’s not even a cup of water sitting nearby in the prep stations.
It’s no wonder that Bucky took such pleasure in buying a few plums – after decades, he can finally have real food.